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Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich Clear All

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Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

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Western Europe

Germany

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

-

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Official portrait for President George H.W. Bush, 1989.

Bush, George H.W.

1924- 2018

"The Bundeshaus (Federal Building) in Bonn, West Germany, May 1961. "

Western Europe

West Germany

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Eastern Europe

Poland

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

Yeltsin, Boris

1931- 2007

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Hartmann, Peter

1935-

Photograph of Helmut Kohl, 1982.

Kohl, Helmut

1930- 2017

German Reunification

Soviet Foreign Policy

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February 25, 1988	Mikhail Gorbachev to Fidel Castro Mikhail Gorbachev was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
December 5, 1987	Mikhail Gorbachev to Fidel Castro Mikhail Gorbachev was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
December 11, 1989	Letter from CPSU General Secretary Mikhail S. Gorbachev to Afghan Government Gorbachev discusses the necessity of intra-Afghan peace talks. At the same time, the Soviet Union will provide military assistance, weapons, and aircraft to Afghanistan to retaliate against opposition.
February 23, 1987	Notes from Politburo Meeting, 23 February 1987 (Excerpt) Gorbachev describes issues with the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan.
February 26, 1987	Notes from Politburo Meeting, 26 February 1987 (Excerpt) Gorbachev and his advisors discuss whether to withdraw troops from Afghanistan.
October 11, 1989	Excerpt from the Diary of Anatoly Chernyaev Chernyaev records Gorbachev's frustrations with Honecker following meeting with him in Berlin.
February 26, 1989	Memorandum of Conversation: President Bush's Meeting with Chairman Deng Xiaoping of the People's Republic of China, February 26, 1989, 11:00 a.m. - 12:00 noon Conversation between Deng Xiaoping and President George Bush on Sino-US relations. Deng expressed the hope that the bilateral relationship would develop in a "new pattern" based on mutual trust, mutual support, and minimizing as much as possible mutual problems. They also discussed the continued tensions between China and the Soviet Union,
September 22, 1989	Presidential National Security Directive 23, "Untied States Relations with the Soviet Union" Presidential directive from George Bush regarding the changing nature of relations between the Soviet Union and the United States and the end of US containment policy.
July 25, 1989	Report of the President of Hungary Rezso Nyers and General Secretary Karoly Grosz on Talks with Gorbachev in Moscow (excerpts) President of People’s Republic of Hungary, Rezso Nyers, and General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers Party, Karoly Grosz, report on their talks with Gorbachev in Moscow, 24-25 July, 1989. The excerpts contains economic reformer Nyers’ assessment of the political situation in Hungary, and first among the factors that "can defeat the party," he lists "the past, if we let ourselves [be] smeared with it." The memory of the revolution of 1956 and its bloody repression by the Soviets was Banquo’s ghost, destroying the legitimacy of the Hungarian Socialist Workers Party, just as 1968 in Prague and 1981’s martial law in Poland and all the other Communist "blank spots" of history came back in 1989 to crumble Communist ideology. For their part, the Communist reformers (including Gorbachev) did not quite know how to respond as events accelerated in 1989, except not to repeat 1956.
October 3, 1990	Memorandum of Telephone Conversation: Telephone Call to Chancellor Helmut Kohl of Germany, October 3, 1990, 9:56-9:59 a.m. Telephone conversation between President George H. W. Bush and German Chancellor Helmut Kohl on the situation in Germany.