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Pak, Heon-yeong

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Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Kim Il Sung, 1978

Kim, Il Sung

1912- 1994

Photograph of 38th parallel crossing during Korean War

Korean War, 1950-1953

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Shtykov, Terentiĭ Fomich

1907- 1964

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Gyeongbokgung

East Asia

South Korea

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

Portrait of North Korean leader Kim Il Sung

Conversations with Kim Il Sung

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898- 1976

Chinese troops cross the Yalu River, 1950, to fight in the Korean War.

China and the Korean War

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North Korea August 1956 Plenum Incident

Photograph of Kim Il Sung in Moscow, March 1949

Korean War Origins, 1945-1950

Sino-Soviet Relations

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South Korea

Incheon

Seoul, South Korea

South Korea

Seoul

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April 1950	Record of a Conversation of Cde. Stalin with Kim Il Sung and Pak Heon-yeong Kim Il Sung and Stalin discuss the North Korean economy and Soviet-North Korean cooperation.
November 22, 1946	Report for General-Major Comrade Romanenko on the Political Situation in Korea In this telegram Shtykov reviews the activities of the Socialist-Workers' Party of South Korea, stating that it is comprised of reactionary elements and should not be allowed to join with the Workers' Party of South Korea. Lacking a broad base among the working masses, the Socialist-Workers Party would undermine the work done thus far in South Korea. Furthermore, Shtykov advises Ho Hong to be nominated leader of the Workers' Party of South Korea and and Pak Heon-yeong first chairman.
1945	Soviet Report on Communists in Korea, 1945 Soviet officers provide a sketch of the existing communist movement in northern and southern Korea in 1945 and suggest that Kim Il Sung should be a leading candidate to head the Korean government.
May 12, 1950	Ciphered Telegram, Shtykov to Vyshinsky Shtykov reports of a meeting with Kim Il Sung, in which Kim Il Sung tells Shtykov the questions he means to ask Mao Zedong in a following meeting in Beijing the next day.
July 4, 1950	Ciphered Telegram No. 405840 from Shtykov to Feng Xi [Stalin] Shtykov reports on a meeting with Kim Il Sung and Pak Heon-yeong concerning requests for arms, advisers and advice on how to move troops more efficiently. Shtykov proposes resolutions and advice.
February 8, 1952	Ciphered Telegram No. 16293 from Beijing, Mao Zedong to Filippov [Stalin] Mao conveys two telegrams to Stalin: one from Peng Dehuai to Mao (22 January 1952) and the other is Mao’s response (4 February 1952). The telegrams discuss North Korea’s need for aid from China.
July 1, 1950	Ciphered telegram, Shtykov to Stalin on the Political Mood in North Korea Telegram from Shtykov to Stalin (copied to the Soviet leadership) describing the successes of KPA forces in the South. He also relays the concern of some of the DPRK cadre regarding American intervention.
October 25, 1950	Central Committee Politburo decision with approved directives to Foreign Minister Vyshinsky (at the United Nations in New York) and to Soviet Ambassador in Washington Memorandum from the VKP(b) CC to Vyshinksy and the Soviet Representative to the Far Eastern Commission ordering them to protest to their respective bodies in support of the DPRK, the use by the US of Japanese servicemen and military units in combat against DPRK forces.
September 27, 1950	Telegram from Matveyev (Razuvayev V.N.) to Stalin Matveyev describes the state of the Korean People’s Army, particularly the severe status of troops in Seoul and Busan after having encountered American air and ground forces. Matveyev also reports on a meeting between several Soviet and Korean foreign ministers in which Kim Il Sung assumed the tasks of both Supreme Commander-in-Chief and Defense Minister and ordered the deployment of troops northward. Matveyev also outlines the steps he plans to take as a Soviet envoy in aiding the desperate Korean army.
September 29, 1950	Telegram from Shtykov to Gromyko and Stalin Shtykov gives an insider’s report of a meeting with Kim Il Sung and Pak Heon-yeong, in which they discussed the current desperate state of the KPA, possible advancement of the US forces over the 38th parallel and the extent of the enemy’s knowledge of Soviet Union deliveries to North Korea. Kim asks for advice concerning the appeal for military aid that the Political Council of the Worker’s Party of Korea plans to send to Stalin. Shytkov comments on the nervousness and desperation of the Korean officials.