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Southern Africa

South Africa

South African Nuclear History

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Photograph of the Port of Jaffa in Israel.

Middle East

Israel

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Central Africa

Angola

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Southern Africa

Namibia

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

-

Photograph of P.W. Botha

Botha, P. W. (Pieter Willem)

1916- 2006

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Nuclear Proliferation

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Botha, R. F. (Roelof Frederik) ("Pik")

1932-

Photograph from the 1995 NPT Review Conference

The 1995 NPT Review and Extension Conference

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Cuba and Southern Africa

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Vorster, B. J. (Balthazar Johannes)

1915- 1983

Margaret Thatcher in 1984

Thatcher, Margaret

1925- 2013

Israeli Nuclear History

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June 1978	Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Special Projects Division, 'Proliferation Group Quarterly Report, January – March 1978' This issue includes an extract from a recent study on Pakistan and two highly technical articles relating to on-going research to identify the signatures of high explosives used for the implosion method of nuclear detonation. It also includes a report that utilized open literature and classified intelligence, including two satellite photographs, the purpose of the article is to illuminate how the South African Government intended to use the site, down to the depth and thickness of the bore holes.
July 1978	Interagency Intelligence Memorandum, US Director of Central Intelligence, 'South Africa’s Nuclear Options and Decisionmaking Structure' Memo reports that during the period the Carter administration was putting pressure on South Africa to avoid the nuclear weapons route, but the analysts suggested that even if the South Africans signed the NPT and accepted IEAE safeguards they would continue to pursue a “covert program.”
September 1977	Report, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Special Projects Division, 'South Africa: Motivations and Capabilities for Nuclear Proliferation' This report for the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) pointed to downsides of US and international pressures against pariah or otherwise beleaguered states such as South Africa and Israel and against would-be nuclear proliferants. They might cooperate to advance their goals.
October 20, 1979	Meeting between South African Prime Minister Botha and a Zimbabwe/Rhodesian Delegation led by Deputy Prime Minister Discussion of potential South African aid to Zimbabwe/Rhodesia to finance the fight against Marxists, in addition to the need by Z/R to have the sanctions currently levied against them lifted.
May 1979	The Republic of South Africa's National Security Objectives, Policy and Guidelines Description of policies that South Africa will pursue in Southern Africa, including in Zimbabwe-Rhodesia.
February 21, 1979	Memorandum, Meeting on Rhodesian Situation at the Office of the Secretary of Foreign Affairs of South Africa Discussion centered around British support for Smith, Anglo-American involvement in the conflict, Cuban/Soviet involvement, and South Africa's stake in it all.
January 19, 1979	Political Action Committee, Guidelines to Formulate a Total National Strategy for Rhodesia There is not a contradiction between the proposed short term approach regarding Rhodesia and the proposed longer term approach regarding Angola, Mozambique, Rhodesia and South West Africa.
October 8, 1976	Background Papers, Kissinger Proposals at Geneva Conference An examination of the consequences of Kissinger's proposal at the Geneva Conference. An overview of South Africa's predicament when it comes to Rhodesia.
June 14, 1976	Report on Dr. Hilgard Muller’s and Brand Fourie’s Reaction to 'Yesterday's meeting,' and Accompanying Memorandum South African opinions on situation in Rhodesia as well as prospects of external involvement in the conflict
March 3, 1976	South African Government Cabinet Minutes on Rhodesia, 3 March-1 September 1976 Excerpts from discussions on the situation in Rhodesia, the possible implications that a hostile Rhodesia would pose to South African defense calculations, and the policies South Africa should pursue with regards to Rhodesia.