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Indian Nuclear History

The Taj Mahal Shrine in Agra, India.

South Asia

India

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Nuclear Proliferation

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Indira Gandhi, 1982

Gandhi, Indira

1917- 1984

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South Asia

Pakistan

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United States. Department of State

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Hungary. Embassy (India)

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Bhabha, Homi Jehangir

1909- 1966

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South America

Chile

Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

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Dutt, Subimal

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Soviet Foreign Policy

French Nuclear History

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United States. Embassy (India)

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China and South Asia

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Documents

January 1989	Memo Regarding the Issue of the Lease of a Soviet Nuclear Submarine to India This document discusses potential political repercussions of the Soviet Union's lease of a nuclear submarine to India vis-a-vis Pakistan and the USSR's global status.
March 25, 1989	Letter to Gorbachev from Shevardnadze, Yazov, and Kamentsev on Obligations for Military Assistance In this letter, Shevardnadze, Yazov, and Kamentsev discuss the Soviet Union's obligations to provide military assistance to their treaty partners, and the differences between treaties.
September 2, 1974	MAE Report on Indian Nuclear Explosion Report by Italy's delegation to the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva on the impact on the NPT of the Indian nuclear explosion, on the problem of the credibility and adaptation of the treaty to the new international situation. Includes suggestions for proposals by the Italian government concerning how to update the Treaty.
October 19, 1964	J.S. Mehta, 'China's Bomb and Its Consequences on her Nuclear and Political Strategy' Analysis of the recent Chinese nuclear weapon test and it's strategic implications for China's diplomatic and military policies.
November 24, 1964	K.R. Narayanan, 'India and the Chinese Bomb' K.R. Narayanan, Director of China Division at Ministry of External Affairs, writes that the explosion of the first nuclear bomb by China will alter the political balance of Asia and the world and development of nuclear weapons by India can be justified and beneficial for the country and the international system as well.
April 13, 1964	Note, Homi Bhabha to Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri In a note to Shri Lal Shastri, Homi Bhaba attached the Sunday Telegraph article, which claims that India could make an atomic bomb if she wanted to. Since there are no evidences of Indian manufacturing of atomic weapons, Dr. Bhaba wanted to know if the country should contradict the article or simple remain quiet.
September 2, 1960	Note, Homi Bhabha to Shri Y. D. Gundevia Homi Bhabha writes to Prime Minister Nehru about India's international status as a country possessing a plutonium plant but not a nuclear weapons program.
August 2, 1963	Letter, Homi Bhabhi to Jawaharlal Nehru Homi Bhabha writes to Prime Minister Nehru to convey that the Chinese nuclear test will be of no military significance and Chinese possession of a few bombs will not make any difference to the military situation. In order to counter the Chinese bomb’s psychological-political impact, Dr. Bhabha argues that India needs to be in a position to produce the bomb within few months.
August 30, 1965	Note, P. S. Ratnam, 'Starred Question No. 8196 for 30-8-1965 in Lok Sabha' The Indian Ministry of Defense evaluated the impact of the Chinese nuclear explosion and reported that the more immediate and real Chinese threat comes from conventional arms. The Chinese nuclear test poses a long term military threat, but its strategic implication and India's consequent actions require constant review.
April 2, 1960	Note, G. R. Walker to H. L. Khanna The note contains articles on the peaceful utilization of atomic energy and other achievements in nuclear science by China, which were shown to Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai by Prime Minister Nehru.