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Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan Clear All

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Afghan resistance fighters return to a village destroyed by Soviet forces

Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

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South Asia

Afghanistan

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Andrei Gromyko at the UN, 1981

Gromyko, Andrei Andreevich

1909- 1989

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

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Andropov, Yuri Vladimirovich

1914- 1984

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Najibullah, Mohammad

1947- 1996

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Middle East

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South Asia

Pakistan

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Ustinov, Dimitri F.

-

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

President Ronald Reagan, Vice-President Bush, and oviet General Secretary Gorbachev

United States-Soviet Relations

Sino-Soviet Relations

Soviet Foreign Policy

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Non-Aligned Movement

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November 1988	Memorandum by Soviet First Deputy Foreign Minister Yuli Vorontsov, General Valentin Varennikov, V. Zaitsev, V. Yegorov, November 1988 (Excerpt) Report on the degrading political and military situation in Afghanistan.
August 1988	Report from General Valentin Varennikov to Soviet Defense Minister Dmitri T. Yazov (Excerpt) Varennikov reports on problems with the Afghan forces, including excessive demands for additional weapons and equipment and the unreliability of Afghan troops.
March 1988	Memorandum on the Results of the Negotiations between Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard A. Shevardnadze with US President Ronald Reagan and US Secretary of State George. Shultz in Washington on 22-24 March Report that the US is continuing to hinder Geneva Accord negotiations between Afghanistan and Pakistan by "raising additional conditions that can only be considered an attempt to slow or even disrupt the solution of the Afghan problem."
March 1988	Soviet Military Intelligence (GRU) Memorandum, 'About US Aid to the Counterrevolutionaries' (Excerpt) Report on US economic and military aid to opposition forces in Afghanistan.
March 1988	General Valentin Varennikov’s Proposals on How the Afghans Should Use Their Forces After the Soviet Withdrawal, March 1988 (Excerpt) Varennikov makes recommendations for the Afghanistan military after the withdrawal of the Soviet army. He recommends retreating from smaller garrisons and outposts, and concentrating on "holding the most important areas and facilities of the country."
February 1988	Joint Report by Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Soviet Ministry of Defense and KGB Representatives in Kabul, February 1988 Report on conversations with Afghan President Najibullah, who is optimistic about the future after the withdrawal of Soviet troops.
January 1988	Note by USSR Prime Minister Nikolai Ryzhkov to Mikhail Gorbachev, Attaching State Planning Committee (Gosplan) Memorandum on Soviet Expenditures in Afghanistan, January 1988 Chart showing cost of Soviet military aid and economic aid to Afghanistan, including daily expenditures.
January 10, 1988	Report to Minister of Defense Gen. Dmitri T. Yazov from Gen. Valentin Varennikov in Kabul, January 1988 General Varennikov reports on a meeting with Layek, a close advisor of Afghan President Najibullah. HTey discussed steps necessary to strengthen the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan and stabilize the country prior to the withdrawal of Soviet troops.
January 20, 1987	Memorandum of Conversation between CPSU Secretary for International Relations Anatoly Dobrynin and Socialist Unity Party (SED) General Secretary Erich Honecker in Berlin Dobrynin and Honecker discuss Gorbachev's recent visit to India and the preparations in Afghanistan for the withdrawal of Soviet troops.
October 24, 1986	CPSU Memorandum Sino-Soviet relations and the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan are discussed.