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Soviet Nuclear History

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC). Politburo

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Ukrainian Nuclear History

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

Ukrainian Motherland Monument, Kyiv

Eastern Europe

Ukraine

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

The Atomic Energy Commission of the United Nations meets on June 14, 1946.

Baruch Plan for International Control of Atomic Energy

Sino-Soviet Relations

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Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich

1890- 1986

Chernobyl nuclear accident

Ukraine

Chernobyl

Nuclear Proliferation

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Kurchatov, Igor V.

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Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894- 1971

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

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Soviet Union. Council of Ministers

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Documents

May 15, 1958	Central Intelligence Agency, Scientific Intelligence Research Aid, 'A Technical Evaluation of the Soviet Nuclear Power Program'
December 15, 1957	Announcement from the Chinese Government Supporting the Soviet Union's Suggestion for Peace The Chinese Government endorses a proposal by the Soviet Union for the USSR, the US, and the UK to halt nuclear weapons tests.
September 23, 1949	Statement by President Truman in Response to First Soviet Nuclear Test Shortly after the first Soviet nuclear bomb test on August 29, 1949, United States spy planes detected evidence of radioactivity from the blast. In this statement, President Truman revealed to the public for the first time that the Soviet Union had built and successfully detonated a nuclear bomb.
April 4, 1963	Research Memorandum RSB-47 from Thomas Hughes to the Secretary, 'Signs of Kremlin Decision to Improve Its Strategic Posture' INR analysts pointed to events during mid-February 1963 which suggested that the Soviet leadership was taking steps to spend a greater share of the gross national product on military resources.
August 28, 1986	KGB’s Report Operational Disorder in Organizing Activities Aimed at Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster Elimination This document describes the deficiencies which were made in activities aimed at overlapping of Chernobyl disaster’s consequences. These deficiencies could lead to new victims because the security rules of handling with dangerous radioactive materials were broken.
May 16, 1986	Report on Radiation Situation. Secret. Signed by Experts A.V. Produnov and G.V. Yeremin Radiation levels in Pripyat and the surrounding area following the Chernobyl nuclear disaster.
May 4, 1986	KGB’s Report on Options of Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster Elimination Physicists at the Academy of Sciences give advice for containing the Chernobyl nuclear disaster.
April 26, 1986	Major General V. Bykhov, 'About the Explosion at Chernobyl NPP' This KGB report provides a chronology of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, and gives information on the disaster's first victims.
September 13, 1963	Letter from the worker of Donetsk metallurgy plant Nikolai Bychkov to Ukrainian Republican Committee of Peace Protection, Donetsk This letter is just an example of similar numerous letters which were sent to Kiev on the occasion of signing Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT) in 1963. In these letters the Ukrainian teachers, workers, collective farmers wrote about their happiness because of partial prohibiting of the nuclear tests. At the same time these letters condemn China, whose relations with USSR had deteriorated by that time and who prepared to perform its first atmospheric nuclear test which broke PTBT regime.
1958	Information about Conducting in Ukraine of Month’s Campaign of Joint Actions of the People against the Nuclear Weapon and for Universal Prohibiting of the Nuclear Tests for Ever and Ever This document describes the monthly anti-nuclear campaign held in Ukraine from September to October, 1958. During this campaign, a number of mass meetings were organized. In this meetings, scientists lectured on the damage of nuclear tests and danger of nuclear war. The lecturers argued that only western states were responsible for conducting nuclear tests and initiating the nuclear arms race, and that the Soviet Union was forced to develop its nuclear capabilities to protect socialist countries, even though the Soviets support the idea of prohibiting the nuclear weapon.