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People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola Clear All

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Central Africa

Angola

Cuba's National Capitol Building, January 2010.

Central America and Caribbean

Cuba

Cuba and Southern Africa

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Southern Africa

South Africa

Fidel Castro, 1959.

Castro, Fidel

1926- 2016

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Southern Africa

Namibia

President of the MPLA Agostinho Neto

Agostinho Neto, Antonio

1922- 1979

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Risquet, Jorge

1930- 2015

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

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Cuba. Ministry of Armed Forces

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A photo of Henry Kissinger from 1975

Kissinger, Henry

1923-

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Tambo, Oliver

1917- 1993

Todor Zhivkov Collection

China and South Asia

International Dimensions of Decolonization in the Middle East and North Africa

International Dimensions of Decolonization in the Middle East and North Africa

Economic Cold War

Horn of Africa Crisis

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Documents

May 1, 1985	Letter from R.F. Botha to Lt-Col Manuel Rodrigues Letter from R. F. "Pik" Botha to the Angolan Minister of the Interior, decrying the movement of SWAPO militants into South African territory and the Angolan anti-South African propaganda campaign. Urges Angola to end the propaganda and to ensure that SWAPO attacks are not planned or executed from Angolan territory.
May 5, 1984	Telegram to D. Steward From Auret Description of a meeting between Angolan and South African delegations, the former being led by Venancio De Moura. Details discussion of troop withdrawal from Namibia, focusing on an "outburst" by De Moura.
March 21, 1984	Letter from C.A. Crocker to R.F. Botha Chester Crocker writes to R. F. "Pik" Botha about the importance of not responding to the recent Cuban/Angolan communique. Crocker warns against giving the Cubans an excuse to keep their troops stationed in Namibia, and points out that it is likely a distraction for concessions the Cubans and Angolans are about to make to South Africa and the United States.
February 4, 1982	Cuba-Angola Declaration A defense of Cuban military intervention in Angola, citing the advance of South African troops in Angolan territory as justifiable cause. Accuses the United States and South Africa of inciting bands of Namibian militia to upset the Cuban presence in Angola. Argues that the presence of Cuban troops in Angola is an agreement between two sovereign governments.
October 19, 1978	Statement by South African Prime Minister P.W. Botha Regarding Talks with the Western Five (excerpts) Excerpts of a statement by P.W. Botha discussing South Africa's concern with the independence and security of its neighbors. Emphasizes South Africa's wish and ability to provide Namibia with continued money and infrastructure and warns against the threat that a Marxist Namibia would pose to the free world.
2007	Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich Mityaev, 'The Oral History of Forgotten Wars: Memories of the War in Angola' (excerpts) Soviet soldier describes realities of war in Angola, including the powerful South African counter-offenses that he experienced.
2008	Igor Zhdarkin, 'We Did Not See it Even in Afghanistan: Memoirs of a Participant of the Angolan War,1986–1988,' (excerpts) Memoirs of a Soviet soldier fighting in Angola, depicting the scenes of warfare where South African artillery and air force attacked Soviet and MPLA positions, leading many MPLA fighters to flee.
December 3, 1975	Memorandum of Conversation with Chinese Delegation led by Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping Chinese delegation visits the White House and discusses Angola. The Chinese emphasize that South Africa must exit the conflict if there is to be any chance of rallying other African states to oppose Neto.
1998	Interview with Robert W. Hultslander, Last CIA Station Chief in Luanda, Angola CIA station chief in Luanda, Hultslander gives his perspective on the US involvement in Angola. In his interview he explains what the US knew about liberation movements prior to the outbreak of Civil War, his opinion on the CIA covert action program IAFEATURE, the Cuban presence in Angola and his assessment of the leading factions in Angola; MPLA, UNITA and FNLA.
November 27, 1975	Cable, Henry Kissinger, 'Angola: SAG Requests USG Provide FNLA/UNITA with Military Equipment' Response to a request made by the South African Defense Forces Chief of Staff to supply UNITA/FNLA. The US believes that UNITA/FNLA are receiving sufficient support to meet their defensive needs.