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Eastern Europe

Poland

Head of a toppled Stalin statue in Budapest, 1956

1956 Polish and Hungarian Crises

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Eastern Europe

Hungary

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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Gomułka, Władysław

1905- 1982

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

China-Europe Relations

Zhao Ziyang on a tour of East Germany in June 1987.

China-Eastern Europe Relations

Sino-Soviet Relations

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Meyer, Cord

1920- 2001

Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1950-1959

Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894- 1971

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Malin, V. N.

-

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898- 1976

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Eastern Europe

Yugoslavia

Official Chinese Communist Party portrait of Liu Shaoqi.

Liu, Shaoqi

1898- 1969

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January 11, 1957	Notes from the Completed Discussions of 11 and 12 January 1957 between the Delegates of the Chinese People’s Republic and Poland (Excerpts) Gomulka describes the 1956 Polish protests and his confrontation with Soviet authorities.
April 15, 1957	Memorandum of Conversation with East German Ambassador Fr. Everhartze Meeting with East German Ambassador Everhartze concerning the recently concluded Chinese-Polish negotiations and the recent 1956 uprisings in Poland. The main purpose of the visit was to find out about the future visit ofZhou Enlai to Czechoslovakia, because the GDR has also invited Zhou Enlai to a state visit.
November 22, 1956	Diary of Soviet Ambassador P.F. Yudin, Memorandum of Conversation with Liu Shaoqi of 30 October 1956 Liu Shaoqi discusses the potential withdrawal of Soviet advisors from China. Although the Chinese government was considering sending back some specialist, they did not want the abrupt removal of all specialists as happened in Yugoslavia. Liu Shaoqi also brings up the 1956 uprisings in Hungary and Poland, saying that such events were a “useful lesson for the entire communist movement.”
October 19, 1956	Gomulka's Notes from the 19-20 October Polish-Soviet Talks Gomulka's private notes from the Soviet-Russian confrontation at Belvedere Palace.
October 19, 1956	Protocol No. 129, Meeting of the Polish Politburo The Politburo discusses the meeting with the Soviet delegation shortly before and how to proceed with regard to the Soviets and the Plenum.
August 3, 1959	Gomulka Complains to Nixon about Radio Free Europe Polish Communist chief Wladyslaw Gomulka complains to Vice President Nixon that RFE “simply piles abuse on everything and everyone in Poland.”
March 18, 1959	CIA Rejects Ambassador Beam’s Critique of Radio Free Europe Cord Meyer notes weaknesses in some RFE Polish broadcasts but rejects Ambassador Beam’s negative assessment provided in Warsaw Embassy Dispatch no. 301
February 19, 1959	Ambassador Beam’s Critique of Radio Free Europe Ambassador Jacob Beam forwards to Washington in Warsaw Embassy Dispatch no. 301 his critique of RFE Polish broadcasts as incompatible with US policy goals in Poland. In an attached undated and incomplete memorandum, International Organization Division dissents from the State Department criticism
January 30, 1958	Radio Free Europe Broadcasts to Poland Reappraised Radio Free Europe, State Department, and CIA officials review Radio Free Europe broadcasts to Poland in response to State Department criticism
November 14, 1956	US Government Appraisal of Radio Free Europe Broadcasts Cord Meyer forwards to Allen Dulles a State Department assessment dated November 13, 1956, of Radio Free Europe Hungarian and Polish broadcasts. The assessment was requested by Secretary of State John Foster Dulles and was prepared by State Department official L. Randolph Higgs, responsible for coordinating RFE issues with CIA, and Meyer, who objected to an initial State Department draft.