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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Photograph of 38th parallel crossing during Korean War

Korean War, 1950-1953

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin and the Cold War

Photograph of the Port of Jaffa in Israel.

Middle East

Israel

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

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Northern Africa

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies (CNS)

1989-

Group photo from the Arms Control and Regional Security Working Group Operational Basket Meeting, Antalya, Turkey, April 4-6, 1995.

ACRS Oral History Project

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898- 1976

American diplomat William Averell Harriman

Harriman, W. Averell (William Averell)

1891- 1986

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Fahmy, Nabil‏

-

Executive Committee of the National Security Committee during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Cuban Missile Crisis

East German Uprising

Sino-Soviet Relations

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November 2, 1950	Ciphered telegram, Zakharov, Soviet Military Representative in Beijing, to Feng Xi [Stalin] Telegram to Stalin reporting on the status--operational readiness and losses incurred--of North Korean air forces.
November 15, 1950	Ciphered telegram, Mao Zedong to Filippov [Stalin] via Zakharov Telegram from Mao to Stalin agreeing to Stalin's proposal to reinforce Soviet air forces and air defense in China and Manchuria.
July 21, 1953	Intelligence Advisory Committee, Special Estimate (SE-47), 'Probable Effect Of Recent Developments In Eastern Germany On Soviet Policy With Respect To Germany' This intelligence report presents and analyzes Soviet policy in East Germany before, during, and after the East German Uprising. The report assesses potential actions the Soviets could take in the future towards East Germany, and the likelihood of each.
June 24, 1953	CIA Intelligence Memorandum, 'Indications of [Soviet] Intentions in Europe' This CIA report states that the recent uprising revealed the Eastern German Communist regime’s dependence on Soviet military force to maintain power and enforce order. Based on activity of Soviet forces, indications of future Soviet intentions in Germany and in Europe are also discussed.
December 11, 1953	National Security Council, NSC 174, Draft 'United States Policy Toward The Soviet Satellites In Eastern Europe' This report by the National Security Council discusses Soviet control over Eastern Europe, barriers to Soviet control of the satellites, and the power threat that consolidation poses to the United States. As a result, the NSC recommends that United States pursue a policy of resistance towards Soviet domination of its Eastern European satellites, and should impose pressure and propaganda to weaken Soviet influence.
September 27, 1950	Telegram from Matveyev (Razuvayev V.N.) to Stalin Matveyev describes the state of the Korean People’s Army, particularly the severe status of troops in Seoul and Busan after having encountered American air and ground forces. Matveyev also reports on a meeting between several Soviet and Korean foreign ministers in which Kim Il Sung assumed the tasks of both Supreme Commander-in-Chief and Defense Minister and ordered the deployment of troops northward. Matveyev also outlines the steps he plans to take as a Soviet envoy in aiding the desperate Korean army.
October 28, 1962	Memorandum from S. P. Ivanov and R. Malinovsky to N. S. Khrushchev Malinovsky and S.P. Ivanov report the shooting down of an American aircraft, which had taken surveillance pictures of the disposition of troops on Cuba.
March 1975	Task for the Operational Command Staff Exercise Soyuz-75 for the 4th Army This document outlines the politico-military situation in advance of a 17-25 March 1975 operational command staff exercise. The exercise scenario begins with a conventional offensive initiated by the 'Westerners' at 0600 on 17 March which escalated to a theater nuclear war by 19 March. This briefing document for exercise participants describes the military situation as of the morning of 19 March, including the tactical information on the geographic disposition, activities, and status of Warsaw Pact and 'Western' forces, air defense, communications, electronic warfare, and the situation in the rear. Appendices (included as a .pdf) contain detailed information on: The order of battle of the troops of the 4th Army, The availability of nuclear warheads and surface-to-air missiles [SAMs] in the 4th Army, Information about the nuclear strikes of the "Westerners," Information about the nuclear strikes by the "Easterners" on troops and objectives in the "Westerners" rear, Information about the engineer troops of the 4th Army, Information about the chemical troops of the 4th Army, Information about the signal troops of the 4th Army, Information about the rear of the 4th Army, The order of battle and the identified numbering of the formations and units of the "Westerners."
July 16, 1952	Ciphered Telegram No. 502597, Razuvaev to Cdes. Vasilevsky and Vyshinsky, transmitting message from Kim Il Sung to I.V. Stalin Telegram from Kim Il Sung to Stalin stating the current situation of the armistice talks and the pressure which is being exerted upon North Korea by uninhibited American air power. He makes a request for additional anti-aircraft support from the Soviet Union and China, which he believes will lead to a more advantageous bargaining position at the negotiating table.
September 29, 1950	Ciphered Telegram from DPRK leader Kim Il Sung and South Korean Communist Leader Pak Heon-yeong to Stalin (via Shtykov) Telegram from Kim Il Sung and Pak Heon-yeong telling Stalin of the losses they have incurred following American air and ground attacks in South Korea and of their general lack of supplies and trained personnel.