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Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Eastern Europe

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Eastern Europe

Hungary

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Eastern Europe

Poland

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American Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia (AMCOMLIB)

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Sargeant, Howland H.

1911- 1984

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Eastern Europe

Czechoslovakia

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Meyer, Cord

1920- 2001

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Dulles, Allen

1893- 1969

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Wisner, Frank G., Sr.

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Head of a toppled Stalin statue in Budapest, 1956

1956 Polish and Hungarian Crises

Mass Media and Censorship

Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia

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Prague Spring, 1968

East German Uprising

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Documents

May 19, 1959	KGB Report, 'On the State of Jamming anti-Soviet Radio Programs of Foreign Radio Stations' The following KGB document reports on problems jamming Western radio stations in a range of Soviet cities. It indicates times and frequencies on which Western radio broadcasts were clearly audible and Soviet jamming was ineffective.
September 15, 1958	Report to Central Committee on Press Conference about 'Provocative and Subversive Activities of American Radio Stations' Description of a 1958 press conference in Moscow organized by the State Committee on Cultural Relations, with KGB assistance, to discredit Western broadcasts to the USSR and Eastern Europe. The press conference drew on the presence of alleged former employees of the radio stations.
January 17, 1957	Letter to Khrushchev from Radio Moscow Service Urging Creation of Warsaw Pact Radio Station The following letter to Khrushchev in 1957 by members of the German Service of Radio Moscow proposed establishing a Soviet international broadcaster structured along the lines of Radio Free Europe, with formal independence from the government. Indirectly it acknowledges the effectiveness of RFE broadcasts.
October 24, 1951	USSR Council of Ministers Decree Instituting Jamming of Anti-Polish Propaganda via Radio on Polish Territory Decree ordering the USSR Ministry of Communications to assist with the jamming of Western radio broadcasts in Poland.
September 15, 1951	Report to USSR Minister of Communications on Western Broadcasts to Poland The following document describes how arrangements were made to jam Western broadcasts to Poland from Soviet and Polish territory in 1951.
July 26, 1985	Polish Interior Ministry Report on Information Leaked to Radio Free Europe on Catholic Church The Interior Ministry directive from which this document is excerpted ordered an investigation into how a confidential regime survey of attitudes toward the Catholic Church could have been leaked to RFE. In a follow-up report almost two years later, the Interior Ministry conceded on June 25, 1987 that many people had access to the report and it was impossible to determine who had provided RFE with the material.
March 9, 1984	Polish Central Committee Report, 'The Battle against the Influence of Ideological and Propaganda Subversion on Polish Society (Counterpropaganda)' This Central Committee Information Department document contains an analysis of “Western propaganda” during martial law. While claiming that Polish society is “stabilizing,” the Department recommends increased research, analysis, and coordinated publications to counter Western ideological “subversion.”
April 29, 1982	Warsaw Military Court Sentences Zdzislaw Najder to Death RFE Polish Service Director Zdzisław Najder is sentenced to death in absentia for treason.
April 11, 1983	Letter with Opinion of Małgorzaty Mehnel–Szyc on Radio Free Europe and the Case against Zdzisław Najder RFE Polish Service Director Zdzisław Najder was, like Col. Ryszard Kuklinski and Polish ambassadors who defected after the imposition of martial law, sentenced to death in absentia for treason. This document is an “expert opinion” to the effect that Najder required CIA support to become Polish Service Director.
February 18, 1972	Polish Interior Ministry Note on Joint Meeting with PUWP CC on Actions against 'Centers of Subversion' These two Interior Ministry documents indicate Edvard Gierek’s concern with uncensored information (“rumors” and “gossip”) challenging his policies, and his focus on RFE as a key instrument of “Western subversion.”