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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC)

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC). Politburo

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Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

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Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Soviet Nuclear History

China and the Soviet Union in Xinjiang, 1934-1949

Uyghur man in Xinjiang

China

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Eastern Europe

Poland

Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

Soviet Foreign Policy

Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894- 1971

Sino-Soviet Relations

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

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Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Andrei Gromyko at the UN, 1981

Gromyko, Andrei Andreevich

1909- 1989

September 1980 crisis in Poland

1980-81 Polish Crisis

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August 21, 1989	Resolution of the CPSU CC Politburo No. 132, 'Regarding the Appeal of Cde. Ceauşescu' The CPSU CC rejects Ceauşescu's proposal that the Warsaw Pact and CMEA convene to discuss the situation in Poland, stating "each of our parties and each of our states are in a position now to decide this matter for themselves, without the need to hold a multilateral meeting."
September 25, 1986	Memorandum to Central Committee from Politburo Members Ligachev and Chebrikov on Jamming of Western Radio Stations This memorandum from Politburo members Chebrikov and Ligachev describes in general terms the jamming situation in 1986 and the rationale for ending jamming on VOA, BBC, Radio Beijing and Radio Korea, while continuing jamming of Radio Liberty, Radio Free Europe, Deutsche Welle and Kol Israel.
October 29, 1971	Report by KGB Chairman Andropov on Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty A report from KGB Chairman Andropov to the Central Committee of the CPSU assessing the status of Radio Liberty and Radio Free Europe in their “transition” period and measures that might be taken to weaken them. It alleges that RFE and RL are planning subversive actions against the USSR at the Munich Olympics. It credits the Soviet bloc intelligence services with increasing the problems of the Radios. The document indicates timely KGB knowledge of internal RL documents such as the March 15, 1971 revision of the Radio Liberty Policy Manual.
April 29, 1965	Memorandum to CC CPSU from Turkmen CC on Extending Turkmen Foreign Broadcasting The Central Committee of the Turkmenistan Communist Party lobbies the Central Committee of the CPSU to establish a Farsi broadcasting service aimed at Iran and Afghanistan.
January 5, 1961	Implementation of the CC CPSU Decree 'Measures to Vigorously Counteract Hostile Radio Propaganda' Report on the implementation of the CC CPSU decree to broadcast radio programs to counter VOA and BBC broadcasts.
July 15, 1960	CC CPSU Report, 'Measures to Vigorously Counteract Hostile Radio Propaganda Directed at the Soviet Population' Report from the head of the Department of Agitation and Propaganda of the Central Committee of the CPSU detailing the shortcomings of Soviet broadcast media in countering Western broadcasts. The document is noteworthy for its criticism of the poor distribution of Soviet newscasts in the Eastern part of the USSR, and acknowledgment of how Western broadcasts have filled this void. An interesting point is made on the habit of adapting Soviet-made receivers to capture Western shortwave broadcasts.
May 19, 1959	KGB Report, 'On the State of Jamming anti-Soviet Radio Programs of Foreign Radio Stations' The following KGB document reports on problems jamming Western radio stations in a range of Soviet cities. It indicates times and frequencies on which Western radio broadcasts were clearly audible and Soviet jamming was ineffective.
September 15, 1958	Report to Central Committee on Press Conference about 'Provocative and Subversive Activities of American Radio Stations' Description of a 1958 press conference in Moscow organized by the State Committee on Cultural Relations, with KGB assistance, to discredit Western broadcasts to the USSR and Eastern Europe. The press conference drew on the presence of alleged former employees of the radio stations.
January 17, 1957	Letter to Khrushchev from Radio Moscow Service Urging Creation of Warsaw Pact Radio Station The following letter to Khrushchev in 1957 by members of the German Service of Radio Moscow proposed establishing a Soviet international broadcaster structured along the lines of Radio Free Europe, with formal independence from the government. Indirectly it acknowledges the effectiveness of RFE broadcasts.
December 16, 1968	KGB report to Central Committee on Radio Liberty Policy guidelines The KGB informs the Central Committee of RL policy guidelines concerning programs dealing with the USSR. While the first paragraph indicates “Free Europe,” the content of the note makes clear that Radio Liberty is meant. The original memorandum on which the note was based [a copy could not be located in the RFE/RL archives for comparison] was probably taken from Radio Liberty headquarters in Munich.