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Eastern Europe

Poland

Ryszard Kukliński Collection

Warsaw Pact

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Stein, John H.

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Warsaw Pact Military Planning

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Eastern Europe

Czechoslovakia

Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia

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Prague Spring, 1968

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McMahon, John Norman

1929-

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Jaruzelski, W. (Wojciech)

1923- 2014

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Sawczuk, Wlodzimierz

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Hugel, Max

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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

September 1980 crisis in Poland

1980-81 Polish Crisis

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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East Asia

Mongolia

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

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Documents

March 16, 1981	Memorandum from John McMahon to the Secretaries of State and Defense and Director of the National Security Agency, '[Redacted] Report' Translation discusses the preparation for martial law through appointing Defense Council and committee members, martial law paperwork, increasing the defense budge from Soviet loans, and expanding military exports.
March 12, 1981	Memorandum from John McMahon to the Secretaries of State and Defense and Director of the National Security Agency, '[Redacted] Report' Translated document outlines an exercise for both the government and military of Poland to prepare for the implementation of martial law.
February 11, 1981	Memorandum from John McMahon to the Secretaries of State and Defense and Director of the National Security Agency, 'Polish Government Plans for the Possible Introduction of Martial Law' Translation of document discussing several barriers to the implementation of martial law in Poland. This includes opposition from the Polish United Workers' Party, response to counterrevolutionaries, and dry runs of implementing martial law.
January 23, 1981	Memorandum from John N. McMahon to the Secretary of State, Defense, and Director of National Security, 'Polish Ministry of Defense Drafting Plans to Utilize the Polish Military to Implement Martial Law' Sources reveal the Soviet-supported Polish government intends to declare a state of Martial Law.
January 7, 1981	Intelligence Information Cable, 'Validity of Polish General Dubicki's Comments to the Press about Alleged Soviet Troops Wearing Polish Uniforms' Assesses the validity of Gen. Leon Dubicki's allegations Soviet troops are wearing Polish uniforms in the implementation of martial law.
February 27, 1980	Memorandum from John N. McMahon to Director of Central Intelligence Memorandum of suggestions for Polish officials in case of national security threat.
February 27, 1980	Memorandum from John M. McMahon to the Director of Central Intelligence, '[Redacted] Report' McMahon forwards a translation of a Polish-language document containing information on the Polish government's planning for "increased threat for Poland's security."
September 13, 1981	Protocol No. 002/81 of the Meeting of the Committee for the Defense of the Homeland Meeting of the Committee for the Defense of the Homeland on the implementation of martial law in Poland. Committee members discuss where to increase militarization to be prepared for martial law, and how best to protect martial law through propaganda.
October 22, 1980	Proposals Regarding the Introduction of Martial Law for Reasons of State Security and the Underlying Consequences of Introducing Martial Law. A proposal for instituting martial law in Poland, in response to the protest movement there. The document breaks down the powers granted to the government through martial law, and notes that the powers of some government organs will need to be broadened.
January 10, 1957	Memorandum on the Warsaw Treaty and the Development of the Armed Forces of the People's Republic of Poland The Polish general staff analyzes the military obligations mandated by the Warsaw Treaty and how stated obligations are not compatible with Polish policy. Proposals for revision of the military articles of the Warsaw Treaty are outlined.