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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Sino-Soviet Relations

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Eastern Europe

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Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

Interkit, 1966-1987

Intelligence Operations in the Cold War

Cuban Foreign Relations

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

China-Europe Relations

Kim Il Sung, 1978

Kim, Il Sung

1912- 1994

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898- 1976

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC)

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Zhivkov, Todor

1911- 1998

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April 24, 1970	Letter, UNCURK Principal Secretary Kuzbari to UN Chef de Cabinet Narasimhan Principal Secretary of UNCURK Kuzbari updates Chef de Cabinet C.V. Narasimhan on the forthcoming UNCURK report, announcement of a new opposition party, and ROK's plan to exchange trade with some Communist countries.
May 22, 1947	Memorandum, Armenian Communist Party Central Committee Secretary Grigory Arutinov to Josef Stalin, 'About the Mood of a Part of the Armenians Repatriated From Foreign Countries' Arutinov reports on the mood of the "repatriated" Armenians, members of the diaspora who were encouraged to move to Armenia by the Soviet government. The report describes assistance given to the over 50,000 repatriated Armenians and efforts to deal with dissatisfied members who were "in favor of re-emigration."
August 3, 1961	Khrushchev's Speech at the Opening of the Meeting of Moscow Conference, 3-5 August 1961 Khrushchev makes the opening statement to the secretaries of the CC's of Communist and Workers' Parties of Socialist Countries at a conference in Moscow. The purpose of the conference is to discuss the preparation and conclusion of a German peace treaty.
December 10, 1964	From the Diary of A. I. Alekseyev, Record of a Conversation with Argentinian Communist Party CC Secretary, Victorio Cadovilla, 25 November 1964 Cadovilla informs Alekseyev about a conference of representatives of the Communist parties of Latin America, in which Cadovilla served as chairman. At the conference, each of the representatives discussed the revolutionary movement in their respective countries. Cuban representatives, Castro and Guevara, asked many questions and voiced their opinions regarding the movement, the USSR, China, and Latin American countries' role in the development of the Cuban revolution.
March 2, 1963	Letter to a Member of the Leadership of the Argentine Communist Party, Cde. Alcira de la Pena, from Argentine Friends in Cuba The development and distribution of socialist papers and materials between Cuba, Argentina, and other Latin American countries is discussed.
January 27, 1957	Speech, Mao Zedong, 'On Sino-American and Sino-Soviet Relations' According to Mao, it would be beneficial for China to wait until after the Third Five-Year Plan to establish a relationship with the United States. In regards to the Soviet Union, he discusses the arrogance of the Soviets as a result of their abundant natural resources, and the “inevitable” disputes between the Communist parties in each country.
September 15, 1959	Mikihail Zimyanin's Background Report for Khrushchev on China (Excerpt) Mikhail Zimyanin, head of the Soviet Foreign Ministry’s Far Eastern department, reports to Khrushchev on the “new stage” in Sino-Soviet relations after the victory of the people’s revolution in China; China and the Soviet Union now share the common goal of developing socialist societies in their respective countries.
March 4, 1980	CPSU CC Directive to Soviet Ambassadors in Communist Countries, Instructions 'About the China Question' Instructions to Soviet ambassadors on dealing with China's outreach to socialist countries in the eastern bloc, outlining a series of steps for Soviet ambassadors to follow which would foster skepticism about China’s intentions and thwart efforts by Chinese representatives to make wide-ranging contacts in these states. The directive notes China’s hostility to Vietnam, Cuba, Laos, and Mongolia and contrasts this with its development of extensive relations with Romania, Yugoslavia, and North Korea.
January 6, 1961	From the Journal of S. V. Chervonenko, Record of Conversation with Mao Zedong on 26 December 1960 Ambassador Chervonenko records an unexpected and surprisingly warm meeting with Mao in which the leader talks about his lessened role in the Chinese government.
December 12, 1963	Memorandum of Conversation, Vladimir Koucky, Secretary of Czechoslovak Communist Party (CPCz) Central Committee, and Carlos Rafael Rodriguez, Head of Cuba’s National Institute of Agrarian Reform (INRA), Prague The memorandum includes topics discussed between CPCz Secretary Vladimír Koucký and Cuban government official Carlos Rafael Rodríguez. Rodríguez lists points of misunderstanding between Cuba and other socialist countries. Discussion topics include Chinese publications in Cuba, Cuba's unique approach to socialist revolution, the proposed nuclear-free zone in Latin America, and building socialism under various conditions (e.g. Islam's role in Algeria), among others. Rodríguez encourages more communication among socialist nations to prevent misunderstanding.