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Intelligence Operations in the Cold War

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

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Eastern Europe

Czechoslovakia

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Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

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Eastern Europe

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Project RYaN

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Soviet Union. Committee for State Security (KGB)

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Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

Todor Zhivkov Collection

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Mitrokhin, Vasili

1922- 2004

Mitrokhin Archive

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Kalatozov, Mikhail

1903- 1973

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Germany (East). Ministry for State Security (Stasi)

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Andropov, Yuri Vladimirovich

1914- 1984

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Bulgaria. Ministry of Internal Affairs

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Truman with Attlee and Stalin at Potsdam

Cold War Origins

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Documents

January 22, 1975	Protocol on steps to increase coordination between the Czechoslovak Ministry of the Interior and the Soviet Ministry of the Interior in 1975 This agreement provides for short visits by employees of the Czechoslovak and Soviet Interior Ministries in the other country in order to share knowledge in the areas of criminology, security, scientific experimentation and academia. The two parties agree to semiannual exchanges on the most major security and criminal issues faced in each country. Dates for conferences are set and the number and titles of publications for exchange are listed. These publications concern security matters, criminology, military information and crime statistics.
March 6, 1961	Protocol on the joint negotiations of the Czechoslovak Interior Ministry delegation and the delegation of KGB border troops The Czechoslovak and Soviet delegations discussed the fulfillment of the 1958 joint proceedings on Soviet border troops, further coordination of the border organs of both parties, the relay of technical equipment at the border and joint actions for border searches. Also on the agenda was the easing of border passage in times of emergency for citizens of both states.
July 4, 1965	Summary Record of the Discussions CSSR MVD and KGB Delegations This report summarizes extended cooperation measures undertaken by representatives of the Czechoslovak and Soviet security agencies. Methods to increase cooperation include the exchange of operational and scientific technology and enhanced coordination between operational agencies to combat espionage and ideological diversion.
July 2, 1962	Agreement about Cooperation between the Committee for State Security under the USSR Council of Ministers and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic The two delegations outline ways to unite their security apparatuses in the fight against subversive activity. Bilateral measures to be taken include the implementation of material and informational exchanges on hostile individuals and the sharing of news on the form and manner of unfriendly activity.
December 22, 1971	Summary of protocol on exchanges of informational experience between the interior ministries of the Soviet Union and Czechoslovak Republic to occur in 1972 This document outlines methods to improve the exchange of informational experience between the Soviet Union and CSSR in 1972. Strategies to increase cooperation include the development and stabilization of friendly relations, the exchange of government publications and the organization of recreational activities between the two countries, among many other ways.
February 10, 1972	Protocol between the Interior Ministry of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the Committee for State Security (KGB) of the Soviet Union regarding bilateral cooperation between state security organs This agreement elaborates ways to increase cooperation between the KGB and Czechoslovak Ministry of the Interior, including information sharing on the detection of hostile plots against either state, restraint of subversive activities, protection of governmental agents, oversight of border troops and preparation of cadres. Both parties agreed to provide recreational and bathing facilities for security staff and their family members.
May 31, 1974	Agreement between the Czechoslovak Ministry of the Interior and Soviet Committee of State Security (KGB) to inform each other on internal security situations Delegates from the Czechoslovak Ministry of the Interior and the Soviet KGB agreed to inform each other on the work of their state security forces, implement steps to frustrate hostile acts in both countries and work mutually on questions of intelligence and counter-intelligence. The KGB agrees to provide aid to the Czechoslovak Ministry of the Interior in preparing cadres and receive Czechoslovak workers for study in its established schools.
December 5, 1977	Cooperation agreement between the state security schools of the Soviet Union and Czechoslovak Socialist Republic The two schools agree to bilateral consultations regarding training content and internships for cadets and to share teaching materials, teachers, recorded lectures and film. Both educational institutions pledge to work together to determine a common plan for each school year. This agreement also mentions the Soviet Red Banner distinction.
November 5, 1974	Border security agreement between Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union and rules simplifying crossing of the Czechoslovak-Soviet border for citizens of the two countries This protocol between the border security forces of Czechoslovakia and the USSR is aimed at facilitating the exchange of bilateral information between the two forces (per the agreement of March, 1961), discussing the findings of both security organizations from May 1972 to October 1974 and coordinating a new border security agreement. This document also includes data on telephone connections in the border regions. The two delegations agreed upon rules concerning the simplified border passage of Czechoslovak and Soviet citizens.
February 22, 1978	Agreement between the Soviet and Czechoslovak Interior Ministries for the year 1978 The two parties agree to worker exchanges in the areas including scientific information, and computational processing. Details on sending Czechoslovak workers and state security school students to various state schools in the Soviet Union to study politics, foreign policy, fire-fighting techniques, engineering, criminal investigation and the Soviet. The criminology departments of the two ministries pledge to exchange tactics, methods and expertise. Officials of the two ministries agree to exchange information on the gravest problems in their country every six months.