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Photograph of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem.

Middle East

Palestine

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Middle East

Israel

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Arafat, Yasir

1929- 2004

Yasser Arafat and Nicolae Ceausescu

Ceausescu's Diplomacy in the Middle East

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Middle East

International Dimensions of Decolonization in the Middle East and North Africa

International Dimensions of Decolonization in the Middle East and North Africa

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Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)

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Romania. Ministry of Internal Affairs

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Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

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Assad, Hafez

1930- 2000

Erich Honecker, 1976.

Honecker, Erich Ernst Paul

1912- 1994

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Zhou Enlai and Gamal Abdel Nasser

China and the Middle East/North Africa

Group photo from the Arms Control and Regional Security Working Group Operational Basket Meeting, Antalya, Turkey, April 4-6, 1995.

ACRS Oral History Project

Soviet Foreign Policy

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October 15, 1985	Brussels: Notes for talks with Secretary Shultz Strongly worded notes regarding the Italian actions during the Crisis of Sigonella. The brief document reiterates Italy's version of the facts related to the hijacking of Achille Lauro and the events that followed, denying any wrongdoing, and blaming the US for unlawful actions.
1956	Visit to the United Kingdom of Bulganin and Khrushchev, 19-27 April 1956 UK record of discussions with a Soviet delegation including Bulganin and Khrushchev.
August 10, 1970	Hungarian Foreign Ministry memorandum on the Palestine Liberation Movement in 1970 (excerpts) This memorandum briefly describes the growing Palestinian Movement in Israel and recommends that the Hungarian Solidarity Committee establish ties with the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO), while not endorsing any radical acts of terrorism.
October 27, 1981	Report on the Results of the Visit to the USSR by the Palestine Liberation Organization Delegation The meeting between the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) and the Soviet Union addresses the United States imposition of imperialistic policy in the Middle East. PLO head Yasser Arafat believes that the United States, Israeli, and Western European agreements at Camp David will negatively impact Palestinians and other Arab states and must be overturned. The Soviet Union responds by restating the need for unity in the Middle East.
November 20, 1979	Report on the Visit to the Soviet Union by the Palestine Liberation Organization Delegation Report on the meeting between Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) delegation and the Soviet Union on the situation in the Middle East. The Soviet Union emphasizes their position on anti-imperialist action in Arab lands and on strengthening the relationship between Arab states.
March 9, 1971	Untitled report about the Palestinian Organizations Account of Palestinian opposition groups and their relations to the Arab, Western, and Third worlds.
February 27, 1987	Record of a Conversation of M. S. Gorbachev with Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs Giulio Andreotti (Excerpt) Gorbachev and Andreotti discuss issues in the Middle East, including Soviet plans in Afghanistan and a possible international conference on the Middle East.
November 14, 1978	Notes on Yasser Arafat's Visit to Moscow in October 1978 A synopsis of discussions between Moscow and PLO Leader Yasser Arafat that had occurred on October 29, 1978. The Russians expressed concern that Egyptian President Anwar Sadat has participated in peace agreements with Israel and the U.S. The Russians framed this as anti-Arab and assured Arafat that they supported Arafat and his "progressive" policies. The Soviet Union aligns itself firmly with the PLO and those in the Arab world that reject cooperation with the U.S. and Israel. Due to these discussions, the first joint Soviet-PLO communique was issued, which pleased the Palestinians.
March 1978	Notes on Yasser Arafat's Visit to Moscow in March [1978] Notes on a meeting in Moscow from March 6-10 between Yasser Arafat & the PLO Delegation and the Soviet government. Arafat was met by Brezhnev, Boris Ponomarev and Andrei Gromyko. Among the issues discussed were the situation in the Middle East, the Soviets desire for Palestine to counter Egypt's "capitulation" to Israel and the U.S. (which Arafat affirmed), tensions in Southern Lebanon and the PLO's increasing desire to further cooperation with Syria and non-Christian Lebanese groups.
August 1974	Notes on Yasser Arafat's Vist to Moscow in July [1974] Notes on meetings that took place from July 30th to August 3rd 1974 between PLO President Yasser Arafat and unnamed Soviet officials. Topics discussed included improving likelihood that the issue of Palestinian independence would be resolved, Arafat's approval of Soviet support for Palestine, the Soviets' expression, at length, that they do not support the destruction of Israel, and continuing cooperation between the Soviets and the PLO.