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Southern Africa

South Africa

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

South African Nuclear History

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Botha, R. F. (Roelof Frederik) ("Pik")

1932-

Photograph of President Ronald Reagan

Reagan, Ronald

1911- 2004

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Philip, Peter H.

-

Photograph of the Port of Jaffa in Israel.

Middle East

Israel

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Southern Africa

Namibia

A photo of Henry Kissinger from 1975

Kissinger, Henry

1923-

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Official portrait for President Jimmy Carter, 1978.

Carter, Jimmy

1924-

Photograph of P.W. Botha

Botha, P. W. (Pieter Willem)

1916- 2006

Nuclear Proliferation

Photograph from the 1995 NPT Review Conference

The 1995 NPT Review and Extension Conference

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Pakistani Nuclear History

Conversations with Mao Zedong

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Documents

1956	South African Cabinet Memorandum, Research in the Field of Nuclear Energy and Exchanging Information with Friendly Nations South African Cabinet memorandum discussing the potential for nuclear cooperation and technology assistance from various friendly countries, including the United States, Great Britain, and the Netherlands.
March 30, 1960	Letter, South African Department of Foreign Affairs, Informing the United States of South Africa's Intent to Request Nuclear Materials P. H. Philip of the South African Department of Foreign Affairs writes to the US Ambassador to South Africa informing him that South Africa will formally apply to the United States Atomic Energy Commission by June 1st 1960 for nuclear materials, pursuant to the bilateral trade agreement between the US and the Union of South Africa.
April 28, 1960	South African Report, 'Union-United States Cooperation in Nuclear Field: Financial Assistance' A summary of an exchange of telegrams between the US Embassy in South Africa and the US Legation in Vienna discussing the US position on any formal request by the Union of South Africa for nuclear materials.
April 28, 1960	Letter, South African Ambassador to the United States, 'Enriched Uranium and Plutonium from the US Atomic Energy Commission' Letter from the Ambassador to the United States discussing problems with a prior South African request for nuclear material from the Atomic Energy Commission.
November 17, 1989	Letter, Richard Carter to Herbert Beukes Richard Carter writes to the US Ambassador to South Africa proposing that South Africa "come clean" about its nuclear program.
September 29, 1976	Discussion between SWAPO with Dr Henry Kissinger, US Secretary of State, in New York Dr. Kissinger expresses his proposal for a conference on Namibia to be attended by SWAPO (South West Africa People's Organization), Turnhalle members, and South Africa. The Conference concerned the ongoing struggle for independence by Namibian guerrillas from South African rule. Kissinger pledged US support to SWAPO as the leading force in Namibia, but Namibian delegates responded that they would not attend the conference unless South Africa met all preconditions including the withdrawal of troops from Namibian territory.
April 9, 1981	Special Assistant for NPI, NFAC, CIA, to Resource Management Staff, Office of Program Assessment et al, 'Request for Review of Draft Paper on the Security Dimension of Non-Proliferation' Just a few months into President Reagan’s first term his administration wanted to make its own mark on nonproliferation policy. The report suggests building “broader bilateral relationship[s]” and offering political and security incentives could persuade states considering developing nuclear weapons to cease these efforts.
August 31, 1990	Letter from South African President De Klerk to President Bush South African President De Klerk writes to U.S. President George H.W. Bush in reply to the latter’s 24 July, 1990 letter regarding South Africa’s accession to the NPT. The letter explicitly states South Africa’s commitment to disarmament and suggests the possibility of “declaring South Africa a nuclear weapons free zone.”
March 20, 1981	Report, South African Department of Foreign Affairs, 'South African-United States' Nuclear Relations' Background on US-South African nuclear relations and uranium cooperation from the end of the Second World War to the early 1980s. Also addressed is the Vela incident of September 1979 and the international community’s backlash against the South African government.
March 1981	South African Department of Foreign Affairs, 'Directive for Discussions of Nuclear Matters with United States Authorities' A memorandum in advance of a meeting between U.S. and South African policymakers which outlines South Africa’s intention to adhere to the principles and spirit of the NPT, and concerns about the supply of fuel for the Koeberg and SAFARI-1 reactors