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Western Europe

France

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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Western Europe

Great Britain

French Nuclear History

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Western Europe

Germany

Nuclear Proliferation

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United States. Executive Office of the President

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Photo of the Geneva Conference of 1954

Geneva Conference of 1954

Handshake between Zhao Ziyang, on the right, and Etienne Davignon

China-Western Europe Relations

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United States. Department of State

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Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

China-Europe Relations

François Mitterrand in 1983

Mitterrand, François

1916- 1996

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Sonnenfeldt, Helmut

1926-

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898- 1976

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October 15, 1972	Ministry of Foreign Affairs Note, 'French military nuclear policy and its consequences for the European unification' The note suggests that French motives for developing nuclear capabilities are political rather than based on national security considerations. France seeks to insure a key role in global political and military balance, and its behavior creates unfavorable conditions for the development of common European defense.
November 3, 1979	Memorandum by C.U.D., 'Observations on Our Differences with the West Europeans Over Non-Proliferation' The memorandum describes a difference between President Carter and the West Europeans over their commitment to limiting reprocessing and plutonium supplies for R&D work on breeder reactors.
September 26, 1986	Central Intelligence Agency Directorate of Intelligence, 'European Review [Redacted]' Brief summaries of intelligence from Europe.
October 23, 1945	TASS Digest Distributed to Cde. I.V. Stalin et al, 'Report of a TASS Correspondent in France' Report that the French press has been instructed by the Ministry of Information not to spread any information of foreign policy favorable to the USSR.
October 19, 1945	TASS Digest Distributed to Cde. I.V. Stalin and Cde. C.M. Molotov, 'Ecuadorian Press about a Statement Ascribed to Comrade Stalin by a New York Times Correspondent; etc.' Articles on the Yalta Conference, Foreign Minister Molotov's influence in the Soviet Union, and Stalin's alleged illness.
October 11, 1945	TASS Digest Distributed to Cde. I.V. Stalin and Cde. C.M. Molotov, 'French Newspaper concerning Rumors in Connection with Comrade Stalin's Going on Vacation; etc.' French newspaper "Pari-Press" reported on rumors of Stalin's departure for the Caucuses on vacation, and claimed this confirmed rumors Stalin was ill; Newspaper "Chicago Tribune" similarly reported rumors of Stalin's retirement and a resulting 'behind-the-scenes battle for power' between Zhukov, backed by the army, and Molotov, backed by the Communist Party.
November 18, 1947	Record of the Meeting of Comrade I.V. Stalin with the Secretary of the CC French Communist Party Thorez Stalin and Thorez discuss the status of the French Communist Party in the post-war world, as well as the ongoing struggle between communists and other left-wing groups in France.
May 9, 1950	Schuman Declaration at Salon de l'Horloge at the Quai d'Orsay in Paris In this speech, French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman reads a statement describing a shared organization that would manage French and German production of coal and steel. It served as a foundational moment for European integration and the future European Economic Community.
November 9, 1944	Letter No. 402 from L.D. Wilgress, Canadian Embassy, Moscow, to the Secretary of State for External Affairs, W.L. Mackenzie King The Canadian Ambassador to the Soviet Union, L.D. Wilgress, thoroughly reviews Soviet foreign policy in Europe, Asia, and in Latin America and its relations with the United States and the United Kingdom. Wilgress optimistically concludes that "the Soviet Government are desirous of co-operating fully with the other great powers."
March 3, 1967	Research Memorandum REU-14 from Thomas L. Hughes to the Secretary, 'How Major NATO Countries View the Prospect of an ABM Deployment' Despite new information that the Soviet Union was deploying anti-ballistic missile defenses around Moscow, the United States had not yet decided to deploy its own ABM defenses (although a decision would be made later in the year) and there was some hope that U.S.-Soviet talks would prevent an ABM race. If, however, talks failed, some NATO allies worried about the “adverse consequences” of an ABM race, especially whether having an ABM system might incline Washington toward risk taking.