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Western Europe

Germany

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

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Hartmann, Peter

1935-

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Western Europe

France

Official portrait for President George H.W. Bush, 1989.

Bush, George H.W.

1924- 2018

The Kremlin, Russia

Eastern Europe

Russia

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Yeltsin, Boris

1931- 2007

Photograph of the Hands of Victory Monument in Baghdad.

Middle East

Iraq

François Mitterrand in 1983

Mitterrand, François

1916- 1996

Kofi Annan and Saddam Hussein

Hussein, Saddam

1937- 2006

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

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January 31, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Telephone Conversation with the American President George Bush on 28 January 1991 Kohl and Bush review the situation in the Gulf and discuss Germany's financial contribution to the costs of the war. In terms of numbers, Bush has in mind one billion dollar as a contribution to the previous costs for the "desert shield" campaign and another five billion dollars to help cover the first three months of the war.
January 18, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Soviet Ambassador Terechov on 17 January 1991 On behalf of Gorbachev, Ambassador Terechov complains that the Soviet government was only informed about the start of U.S. military operations in the Persian Gulf an hour in advance.
December 27, 1990	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Conversation with the Turkish President Özal on Friday, 21 December 1990 Kohl and Özal debate the Gulf crisis and Turkey's request for the deployment of the air component of NATO's Allied Command Europe Mobile Force. In addition, they discuss the resignation of Soviet Foreign Minister Shevardnadze.
November 22, 1990	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Breakfast Meeting with President Mitterrand on Wednesday, 21 November 1990 in Paris for the Occasion of the CSCE Summit Kohl and Mitterrand assess the relevance of the Paris CSCE Summit and the situation in the Gulf, especially UN resolutions on Iraq and the potential use of force under a UN mandate.
November 13, 1990	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Soviet President M.S. Gorbachev on 9 November 1990, 3:15 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. at the Federal Chancellery Kohl and Gorbachev review the state of bilateral relations, the Gulf crisis and the sitution in the Soviet Union, especialy with regards to Gorbachev's perestroika and glasnost and the Soviet Union's economic reforms. They discuss Western economic assistance and food supplies for the Soviet Union as well.
August 26, 1991	Memorandum of Telephone Conversation: Telephone Conversation with Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of Germany, August 26, 1991, 8:28-8:51 a.m. A mostly redacted copy of a telephone conversation between US President George H.W. Bush, German Chancellor Helmut Kohl, and Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney.
August 19, 1991	Memorandum of Telephone Conversation: Telcon with Chancellor Kohl of Germany, August 19, 1991, 7:38am Declassified in part in 2006, this US record of a telephone conversation between Helmut Kohl and George H.W. Bush is almost entirely redacted.
July 15, 1991	Memorandum of Conversation: Meeting with Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of Germany on July 15, 1991 Bush, Kohl, and others discuss relations with France and France's views of NATO, talks between the US and the USSR over the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START I), safeguarding the Brazilian rainforest, the Uruguay Round of the GATT, support for economic reforms in the Soviet Union, and US-German relations.
May 20, 1991	Memorandum of Conversation: Meeting with Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of Germany, May 20, 1991, 4:30-6:20 pm. Bush and Kohl discuss Germany's place in Europe and in NATO, its relationship with France, the Uruguay Round of the GATT, and politics in France.
February 18, 1991	Memorandum of Telephone Conversation: Telcon with Chancellor Kohl of Germany, February 18, 1991, 12:04-12:32 p.m. Kohl briefs Bush on a conversation he recently had with Iranian Foreign Minister Ali Akbar Velayati concerning the Gulf War. Bush and Kohl also discuss Soviet views on the conflict, as also recent exchanges between France and Germany on GATT negotiations.