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Photograph of the city of Kuwait.

Middle East

Kuwait

Photograph of the Hands of Victory Monument in Baghdad.

Middle East

Iraq

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Kofi Annan and Saddam Hussein

Hussein, Saddam

1937- 2006

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Western Europe

Germany

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

-

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Official portrait for President George H.W. Bush, 1989.

Bush, George H.W.

1924- 2018

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

Hartmann, Peter

1935-

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

Yeltsin, Boris

1931- 2007

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

Soviet Foreign Policy

Non-Aligned Movement

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October 18, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Egypt’s President Mubarak on Thursday, 17 October 1991, 11:00 – 14:00 hours Kohl and Mubarak discuss the overall situation in the Midle East after the Gulf War. Mubarak shares his insights examining the positions and competing interests of Israel, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Syria and Saudi Arabia.
February 26, 1991	The Chancellor’s [Helmut Kohl's] Telephone Conversation with French President Mitterrand on 25 February 1991 Kohl and Mitterrand review the state of the allied military operations in Iraq.
February 25, 1991	The Chancellor’s [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Iran’s Foreign Minister Velayati on Monday, 18 February 1991, 16.00 - 17.00 hours Kohl and Velayati debate the future of security and defense issues in the Middle East after the end of the Gulf War. They exchange thoughts on the emergence of a new security order and the participation of the EC, the Soviet Union and the United States.
February 20, 1991	The Chancellor’s [Helmut Kohl's] Conversation with President Mitterrand at the Elysée on 15 February 1991 Kohl and Mitterrand examine the Soviet position in the Gulf War and the situation in the Baltics.
February 13, 1991	The Chancellor’s [Helmut Kohl's] Conversation with British Prime Minister Major on Monday, 11 February 1991, at the Chancellor’s Office Kohl and Major review Germany's financial contributions in the support of the Gulf coalition and Kohl's plans for changes in the German constitution in order to enable the Federal Republic's particiaption in future out-of-area missions. In addition, the talk about the domestic situation in the Soviet Union.
January 31, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Telephone Conversation with the American President George Bush on 28 January 1991 Kohl and Bush review the situation in the Gulf and discuss Germany's financial contribution to the costs of the war. In terms of numbers, Bush has in mind one billion dollar as a contribution to the previous costs for the "desert shield" campaign and another five billion dollars to help cover the first three months of the war.
January 17, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Telephone Conversation with President Mitterrand on Thursday, 17 January 1991 at 5 pm Kohl and Mitterrand talk about the start of allied military operations in the Gulf War and France's contribution in particular.
December 27, 1990	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Conversation with the Turkish President Özal on Friday, 21 December 1990 Kohl and Özal debate the Gulf crisis and Turkey's request for the deployment of the air component of NATO's Allied Command Europe Mobile Force. In addition, they discuss the resignation of Soviet Foreign Minister Shevardnadze.
November 22, 1990	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Breakfast Meeting with President Mitterrand on Wednesday, 21 November 1990 in Paris for the Occasion of the CSCE Summit Kohl and Mitterrand assess the relevance of the Paris CSCE Summit and the situation in the Gulf, especially UN resolutions on Iraq and the potential use of force under a UN mandate.
November 13, 1990	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Soviet President M.S. Gorbachev on 9 November 1990, 3:15 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. at the Federal Chancellery Kohl and Gorbachev review the state of bilateral relations, the Gulf crisis and the sitution in the Soviet Union, especialy with regards to Gorbachev's perestroika and glasnost and the Soviet Union's economic reforms. They discuss Western economic assistance and food supplies for the Soviet Union as well.